Gulf to the north Pacitic countries the same concept of SOP was also established n these straits (Joint Decree No. DKP/1/1/No. 1/Kpts/DM/Migas/81).
Further the government of Indonesia drafted a National Contingency Plan for oil spill response. The drafting of this plan was completed in 1992 and awaits signing as Presidential Decree. Primary responsibility remains with Directorate General of Sea Communication. The Invironment Impact Management Agency (EIMA) is responsible for damage assesment and restoration of the environment to pre-spill conditions.
The bad experience of MT. Showa Maru incident also pushed the government of Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore to establish a cooperative oil spill response in the straits of Malacca and Singapore in 1981.
Being aware of the risk of oil spills in the Sulawesi Sea, as the alternative route for oil tankers from the Persian Gulf to the North Pacific, the governments of Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines established an oil spill response plan, which is called the Sulawesi Sea Oil Spill Response Network Plan, in 1981.
After a long preparation, the ASEAN member governments successfully adopted the draft on ASEAN Oil Spill Response Action Plan (OSRAP) after its Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed in 1993. This plan is quite comprehensive compared with the previous plans of the same nature in this region.
In 1976, ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) was formed by the state owned oil companies of the ASEAN member countries and soon initiated programs relating to the control and mitigation of marine pollution. By 1980 an ASCOPE Plan for the Control and Mitigation Marine Pollution (ASPCMMP) was initiated to enhance the individual national plans. By 1986 the ASCOPE and ASEAN plans were unified in the context of regional oil spill contingency.
In 1986, Tiered Area Response Capability (TARC) was established by foreign oil companies and stored their equipment in Singapore. Later, the management was transferred to EARL (East Asia Response Pte. Ltd). Its main base is in Singapore and sub-base in Port Dickson, Malaysia.
Presently, a final draft of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Government of Indonesia and the Government of Australia is in the process of its signing by both of the governments (Directorate General of Sea Communication Indonesia and Australian Maritime Safety Authority).
2. Drafting of the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan.
The drafting of the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan was coordinated by the Office of the State Minister for Environment. The Working Group members consisted of officials from related government agencies. They were, Department of Communications, Directorate General of Sea Communication, Environment Impact Management Agency, Department of Defence and Security, Directorate General of Oil and Gas, Directorate General of Fishery, Directorate General of Forestry, Centre for Research and Development of Oceanology, Office of the State
